Two Phytophthora parasitica cysteine protease genes, PpCys44 and PpCys45, trigger cell death in various Nicotiana spp. and act as virulence factors.
Identifieur interne : 000014 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000013; suivant : 000015Two Phytophthora parasitica cysteine protease genes, PpCys44 and PpCys45, trigger cell death in various Nicotiana spp. and act as virulence factors.
Auteurs : Qiang Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Weiwei Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiapeng Yang [République populaire de Chine] ; Junjie Xu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yuling Meng [République populaire de Chine] ; Weixing Shan [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Molecular plant pathology [ 1364-3703 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Proteases secreted by pathogens have been shown to be important virulence factors modifying plant immunity, and cysteine proteases have been demonstrated to participate in different pathosystems. However, the virulence functions of the cysteine proteases secreted by Phytophthora parasitica are poorly understood. Using a publicly available genome database, we identified 80 cysteine proteases in P. parasitica, 21 of which were shown to be secreted. Most of the secreted cysteine proteases are conserved among different P. parasitica strains and are induced during infection. The secreted cysteine protease proteins PpCys44/45 (proteases with identical protein sequences) and PpCys69 triggered cell death on the leaves of different Nicotiana spp. A truncated mutant of PpCys44/45 lacking a signal peptide failed to trigger cell death, suggesting that PpCys44/45 functions in the apoplastic space. Analysis of three catalytic site mutants showed that the enzyme activity of PpCys44/45 is required for its ability to trigger cell death. A virus-induced gene silencing assay showed that PpCys44/45 does not induce cell death on NPK1 (Nicotiana Protein Kinase 1)-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants, indicating that the cell death phenotype triggered by PpCys44/45 is dependent on NPK1. PpCys44- and PpCys45-deficient double mutants showed decreased virulence, suggesting that PpCys44 and PpCys45 positively promote pathogen virulence during infection. PpCys44 and PpCys45 are important virulence factors of P. parasitica and trigger NPK1-dependent cell death in various Nicotiana spp.
DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12915
PubMed: 32077241
PubMed Central: PMC7060141
Affiliations:
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wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Weiwei" sort="Li, Weiwei" uniqKey="Li W" first="Weiwei" last="Li">Weiwei Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Jiapeng" sort="Yang, Jiapeng" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jiapeng" last="Yang">Jiapeng Yang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, Junjie" sort="Xu, Junjie" uniqKey="Xu J" first="Junjie" last="Xu">Junjie Xu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Meng, Yuling" sort="Meng, Yuling" uniqKey="Meng Y" first="Yuling" last="Meng">Yuling Meng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shan, Weixing" sort="Shan, Weixing" uniqKey="Shan W" first="Weixing" last="Shan">Weixing Shan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Molecular plant pathology</title><idno type="eISSN">1364-3703</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Proteases secreted by pathogens have been shown to be important virulence factors modifying plant immunity, and cysteine proteases have been demonstrated to participate in different pathosystems. However, the virulence functions of the cysteine proteases secreted by Phytophthora parasitica are poorly understood. Using a publicly available genome database, we identified 80 cysteine proteases in P. parasitica, 21 of which were shown to be secreted. Most of the secreted cysteine proteases are conserved among different P. parasitica strains and are induced during infection. The secreted cysteine protease proteins PpCys44/45 (proteases with identical protein sequences) and PpCys69 triggered cell death on the leaves of different Nicotiana spp. A truncated mutant of PpCys44/45 lacking a signal peptide failed to trigger cell death, suggesting that PpCys44/45 functions in the apoplastic space. Analysis of three catalytic site mutants showed that the enzyme activity of PpCys44/45 is required for its ability to trigger cell death. A virus-induced gene silencing assay showed that PpCys44/45 does not induce cell death on NPK1 (Nicotiana Protein Kinase 1)-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants, indicating that the cell death phenotype triggered by PpCys44/45 is dependent on NPK1. PpCys44- and PpCys45-deficient double mutants showed decreased virulence, suggesting that PpCys44 and PpCys45 positively promote pathogen virulence during infection. PpCys44 and PpCys45 are important virulence factors of P. parasitica and trigger NPK1-dependent cell death in various Nicotiana spp.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32077241</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>21</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1364-3703</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>21</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Molecular plant pathology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mol Plant Pathol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Two Phytophthora parasitica cysteine protease genes, PpCys44 and PpCys45, trigger cell death in various Nicotiana spp. and act as virulence factors.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>541-554</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1111/mpp.12915</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Proteases secreted by pathogens have been shown to be important virulence factors modifying plant immunity, and cysteine proteases have been demonstrated to participate in different pathosystems. However, the virulence functions of the cysteine proteases secreted by Phytophthora parasitica are poorly understood. Using a publicly available genome database, we identified 80 cysteine proteases in P. parasitica, 21 of which were shown to be secreted. Most of the secreted cysteine proteases are conserved among different P. parasitica strains and are induced during infection. The secreted cysteine protease proteins PpCys44/45 (proteases with identical protein sequences) and PpCys69 triggered cell death on the leaves of different Nicotiana spp. A truncated mutant of PpCys44/45 lacking a signal peptide failed to trigger cell death, suggesting that PpCys44/45 functions in the apoplastic space. Analysis of three catalytic site mutants showed that the enzyme activity of PpCys44/45 is required for its ability to trigger cell death. A virus-induced gene silencing assay showed that PpCys44/45 does not induce cell death on NPK1 (Nicotiana Protein Kinase 1)-silenced Nicotiana benthamiana plants, indicating that the cell death phenotype triggered by PpCys44/45 is dependent on NPK1. PpCys44- and PpCys45-deficient double mutants showed decreased virulence, suggesting that PpCys44 and PpCys45 positively promote pathogen virulence during infection. PpCys44 and PpCys45 are important virulence factors of P. parasitica and trigger NPK1-dependent cell death in various Nicotiana spp.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Plant Pathology published by British Society for Plant Pathology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Qiang</ForeName><Initials>Q</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1711-0914</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Weiwei</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Jiapeng</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xu</LastName><ForeName>Junjie</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Meng</LastName><ForeName>Yuling</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shan</LastName><ForeName>Weixing</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-7286-4041</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>19</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Mol Plant Pathol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100954969</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1364-3703</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Phytophthora parasitica
</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">cell death</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">cysteine protease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">virulence factor</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>12</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>23</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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Zhang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Li, Weiwei" sort="Li, Weiwei" uniqKey="Li W" first="Weiwei" last="Li">Weiwei Li</name><name sortKey="Li, Weiwei" sort="Li, Weiwei" uniqKey="Li W" first="Weiwei" last="Li">Weiwei Li</name><name sortKey="Meng, Yuling" sort="Meng, Yuling" uniqKey="Meng Y" first="Yuling" last="Meng">Yuling Meng</name><name sortKey="Meng, Yuling" sort="Meng, Yuling" uniqKey="Meng Y" first="Yuling" last="Meng">Yuling Meng</name><name sortKey="Shan, Weixing" sort="Shan, Weixing" uniqKey="Shan W" first="Weixing" last="Shan">Weixing Shan</name><name sortKey="Shan, Weixing" sort="Shan, Weixing" uniqKey="Shan W" first="Weixing" last="Shan">Weixing Shan</name><name sortKey="Xu, Junjie" sort="Xu, Junjie" uniqKey="Xu J" first="Junjie" last="Xu">Junjie Xu</name><name sortKey="Xu, Junjie" sort="Xu, Junjie" uniqKey="Xu J" first="Junjie" last="Xu">Junjie Xu</name><name sortKey="Yang, Jiapeng" sort="Yang, Jiapeng" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jiapeng" last="Yang">Jiapeng Yang</name><name sortKey="Yang, Jiapeng" sort="Yang, Jiapeng" uniqKey="Yang J" first="Jiapeng" last="Yang">Jiapeng Yang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Qiang" sort="Zhang, Qiang" uniqKey="Zhang Q" first="Qiang" last="Zhang">Qiang Zhang</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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